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The knowledge of certain pupils in secondary schools from the area of North and Central Bohemia about selected diseases of civilisation
Jírová, Kateřina ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (advisor) ; Váchová, Alena (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the problems of diseases of civilization. The work is divided into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part explains what are diseases of civilization, how they arise and how they can be prevented. For each disease (coronary heart disease, obesity, diabetes, cancer) the thesis describes in more detail how and why they arise, what are the risk factors, what preventive measures exist and how to treat the disease. In the practical part, the thesis is devoted to the research of pupils' knowledge in the field of diseases of civilization of selected schools. Using a questionnaire, we dermined the knowledge of the pupils of two secondary schools and found the variance in their knowledge. Furthermore, this knowledge of pupils was compared with their knowledge two years ago when a similar questionnaire was completed in the same schools. The purpose of this thesis was to find out how the knowledge of identical pupils of these two schools changed after two years. The final discussion shows how the knowledge of pupils has changed after two years. It was found that pupils' knowledge improved overall. Cancer, diabetes and obesity knowledge have all improved. There was a slight deterioration in the question concern the number of patients. There was no change in the...
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The effect of morphine on expression and distribution of the alpha and beta subunits of trimeric G-proteins in the rat myocardium
Bartoňová, Iveta ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Roubalová, Lenka (referee)
Morphine is a clinically very important drug from the opioid group that is used for treatment of severe pain because of its strong analgetic effect. Opioid receptors mediating the morphine effect interact with the Gi/o class of trimeric G-proteins. Opioid receptors also occur in heart tissue and morphine can thus potentially exercise its effect on the function of this organ. The major aim of this project was to pursue consequences of long-term treatment with morphine on expression and distribution of selected heterotrimeric G-protein subunits in the rat heart. Potential cardioprotective effects of this drug have also been studied. Laboratory rats of the Wistar strain were treated with morphine (1 mg/kg/day or 10 mg/kg/day) for 10 or 28 days. The control group was treated with saline solution. Prolonged treatment with morphine did not cause any effects on Gs, Gi, Gz, Gq/11, G subunits, but the expression of Go rather decreased. The results of subsequent experiments showed that prolonged administration of high doses of morphine may reduce the area affected by infarction and reduced the frequency of ventricle arrhythmias depending on dose and duration of morphine administration. Key words: morphine, myocardium, opioid receptor, G-protein subunits, infarction.
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Cardiac arrest in terms of prehospital care.
ŠVANDA, Pavel
This thesis is about sudden cardiac arrest in conditions of pre-hospital immediate care. This issue was, is and will be a current topic that we must draw attention to because sudden cardiac arrest outside of hospital facilities is the most common cause of death in the civilized world. Theoretical part of this thesis includes basic information not only about SCA and its treatment but it also describes who is a paramedic, his job description and authority given by the law. Marginal portion of the theoretical part is devoted to cardiac arrest and its treatment. It is described in a way that is easy to understand for both professional paramedics as well as layman rescuers. Research part was done by qualitative form via half-structured interviews. Thesis has two goals. The first is to map the expertise of procedure of laymen in terms of basic immediate resuscitation. The second is to map the expertise of professional paramedics in terms of immediate resuscitation. Interviews were made up of sixteen questions which were answered by randomly picked respondents. Respondents were professional paramedics as well as students of University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. The result from the research part is a statement that layman rescuers are not able to provide adequate assistance in time of cardiac arrest, and professional paramedics slightly differ compared to new recommended procedures during a cardiac arrest. The layman population situation demands a greater effort be put in education about this issue. In terms of professional paramedics, the situation will resolve itself after a recommended procedure is released which will be made available by an employer.
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